故障する · noun or participle which takes 'suru'
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 故障する | 故障しない |
| Polite | 故障します | 故障しません |
| Past polite | 故障しました | 故障しませんでした |
| Past | 故障した | 故障しなかった |
| Te-form | 故障して | 故障しないで |
| Desire | 故障したい | 故障したくない |
| Potential | 故障できる | 故障できない |
| Passive | 故障される | 故障されない |
| Causative | 故障させる | 故障させない |
| Causative passive | 故障させられる | 故障させられない |
| Volitional | 故障しよう | |
| Polite volitional | 故障しましょう | |
| Imperative | 故障しろ | 故障するな |
| Conditional | 故障すれば | 故障しなければ |
| Tara conditional | 故障したら | 故障しなかったら |
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', intransitive verb
breakdown; malfunction; being out of order
The common everyday sense for machines, devices, vehicles, systems, and equipment not working properly. As 故障する it is intransitive: the thing breaks down.
The elevator is out of order.
The car broke down on the expressway.
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', transitive verb
injury; damage to a body part; hurt
Used especially in sports or performance contexts for damaging a body part. As 故障する it is transitive with the injured part marked by を, as in 肩を故障する.
The pitcher injured his shoulder and cannot pitch for a while.
Refers to a snag or hindrance that disrupts progress, not necessarily a mechanical failure. Often appears in expressions like 故障が生じる or 故障なく.
A hitch arose in carrying out the plan.
The ceremony ended without any major trouble.
A relatively uncommon, formal or legalistic noun meaning an objection or protest; modern everyday Japanese more often uses 異議 or 抗議.
If you have any objection to the terms of the contract, please file it by the deadline.
The car broke down and wouldn't move.
The athlete injured his shoulder last year.
The meeting proceeded without any problems.
A technician fixed the TV's malfunction for us.
A malfunction occurred in the system.
故障 refers strictly to a mechanical or system breakdown, whereas トラブル can describe that same kind of malfunction but also interpersonal or systemic issues.
故障 specifically means a mechanical breakdown or malfunction, whereas 異状 is broader and can describe any abnormal condition, not just equipment failure.
故障 means an actual breakdown or malfunction that has already occurred, while 不調 can describe a milder state of not working well without full failure.
transmission fault