祝う
祝う · godan verb (-u)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 祝う | 祝わない |
| Polite | 祝います | 祝いません |
| Past polite | 祝いました | 祝いませんでした |
| Past | 祝った | 祝わなかった |
| Te-form | 祝って | 祝わないで |
| Desire | 祝いたい | 祝いたくない |
| Potential | 祝える | 祝えない |
| Passive | 祝われる | 祝われない |
| Causative | 祝わせる | 祝わせない |
| Causative passive | 祝わせられるalso 祝わされる | 祝わせられないalso 祝わされない |
| Volitional | 祝おう | |
| Polite volitional | 祝いましょう | |
| Imperative | 祝え | 祝うな |
| Conditional | 祝えば | 祝わなければ |
| Tara conditional | 祝ったら | 祝わなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
celebrate; congratulate; observe a festival
The basic use: to celebrate a happy event, congratulate someone, or mark an occasion or festival. The thing celebrated is usually marked with を.
We celebrated my mother's birthday as a family.
In the village, they observe the harvest festival in autumn.
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
give a celebratory gift; drink in celebration; celebrate by doing something
Used when the celebration is expressed through an action such as giving a gift, making a toast, or drinking together. Often appears as 〜を祝って followed by the concrete action.
To celebrate my graduation, my father gave me a watch.
We drank beer together to celebrate the victory.
godan verb (-u), transitive verb
wish for good fortune; pray for happiness; toast someone's future
A more ceremonial or formula-like use: to express wishes for someone's future happiness, success, or good fortune, often in speeches or toasts. It overlaps with celebrating but focuses on the wished-for future.
Everyone made a toast to the bride and groom's happiness.
The teacher offered words of encouragement, wishing the graduates well in their future.
Usage patterns
- 〈事〉を祝うto celebrate an event or occasion
Every year, my family celebrates the New Year together.
- 〈事〉を祝って〈動詞〉to do something in celebration of an event
We raised a toast to celebrate passing the exam.
- 〈人〉の前途を祝うto toast someone's future success
The boss said a few words toasting the new employee's future.
- 〈人〉の誕生日を祝うto celebrate someone's birthday
We threw a party to celebrate our friend's birthday.