noun
General term for the top leader of an organization, government, or group. Often used in formal or news contexts.
新しい首長が選挙で選ばれた。
A new chief was elected in the election.
首長会議で重要
An important decision was made at the leaders' conference.
noun
sheikh; emir
Specifically used for traditional Arab leaders such as sheikhs or emirs. Not a general term for Middle Eastern leaders.
アラブ首長国連邦の首長は伝統的な権威を持っている。
The emirs of the United Arab Emirates hold traditional authority.