prime minister; premier; chancellor
Refers to the head of government in a parliamentary system. In Japanese context, it is the Prime Minister of Japan. For Germany, Austria, etc., it translates as 'chancellor'.
The Prime Minister of Japan is chosen from among the members of the Diet.
ドイツの首相は連邦議会で選出される。
The Chancellor of Germany is elected by the Bundestag.
The new party leader took office as prime minister.
The prime minister resigned for health reasons.
The prime minister is scheduled to visit the United States.
He finally stepped down from the position of prime minister.
首相 is the head of government who runs day-to-day politics, while 元首 is the formal head of state, and the two roles are not always held by the same person.
new prime minister
incoming prime minister; prime minister-designate