characteristic; distinguishing feature; hallmark
A somewhat formal or academic term for a defining trait or criterion, often used in philosophy, sociology, or critical discussion. Less common in everyday conversation.
from German Merkmal
The hallmark of this theory is its emphasis on individual autonomy.
彼の作品のメルクマールは、独特の色彩感覚だ。
A distinguishing feature of his work is its unique sense of color.
This ruling became a landmark criterion for judicial reform.
He evaluates people using ethical behavior as his criterion.