下す · godan verb (-su)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 下す | 下さない |
| Polite | 下します | 下しません |
| Past polite | 下しました | 下しませんでした |
| Past | 下した | 下さなかった |
| Te-form | 下して | 下さないで |
| Desire | 下したい | 下したくない |
| Potential | 下せる | 下せない |
| Passive | 下される | 下されない |
| Causative | 下させる | 下させない |
| Causative passive | 下させられる | 下させられない |
| Volitional | 下そう | |
| Polite volitional | 下しましょう | |
| Imperative | 下せ | 下すな |
| Conditional | 下せば | 下さなければ |
| Tara conditional | 下したら | 下さなかったら |
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
make a decision; give a judgment; hand down a verdict
Used for authoritative decisions, judgments, or orders. Common with nouns like 判断, 決断, 判決, 命令.
The judge handed down a guilty verdict to the defendant.
The president listened to everyone's opinions before making the final decision.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
Physical lowering of something. Often used with objects like blinds, flags, or one's head.
It got hot, so I lowered the window blinds.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
do oneself; take action personally
Implies doing something with one's own hands, often in the phrase 手を下す (to take action oneself, sometimes with a negative connotation like committing a crime).
See also: 手を下す
He finally took matters into his own hands and solved the problem.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
Used in competitive contexts; often implies a decisive victory.
Our team defeated our rivals 5-0.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
have diarrhea; pass stool; discharge from the body
Euphemistic or medical expression for excretion. Often used with 腹を下す (to have an upset stomach/diarrhea).
I drank too much cold stuff and got diarrhea.
do thoroughly; do in one go; do to the end
Suffix attached to the masu-stem of a verb. Indicates completing an action thoroughly or without stopping.
He read the novel through in one night.
The judge handed down a guilty verdict to the defendant.
The director brought down the curtain on the performance.
The Japanese team defeated the powerhouse to win the championship.
The doctor made a judgment based on the test results.
deworming medicine; anthelmintic
vomiting and diarrhea
writing from top to bottom · writing without a pause · translation of classical Chinese into Japanese
write from top to bottom · write out in one go; write without pausing · rewrite classical Chinese into Japanese word order
reading a text from start to finish · transliterating classical Chinese into Japanese
read through; read from start to finish · transliterate classical Chinese into Japanese; render Chinese text in Japanese reading
swallow; gulp down