lower limit; minimum
General term for the lowest allowable or possible value, often used in contrast with 上限 (upper limit).
このプランの下限年齢は18歳です。
The minimum age for this plan is 18.
This system sets a lower age limit.
温度の下限を設定してください。
Please set the lower temperature limit.
infimum
Mathematics term for the greatest lower bound of a set; technical use.
この集合の下限は0です。
The infimum of this set is 0.
A warning is issued when the temperature falls below the lower limit.
The deal went through because the price exceeded the lower limit.
It's a system that places an order once stock reaches the lower limit.
最小値 is the mathematical 'minimum value' actually attained by a set, while 下限 (infimum) is the greatest lower bound, which may not be reached.
最低 is a general adjective/noun for 'lowest' or 'worst', whereas 下限 specifically names the lower boundary value of a defined range.
上限 is the upper limit, the direct opposite of 下限 (the lower limit).
下限 is the lower limit of a price or value, the opposite of 天井 used as an upper limit.
限界 means a 'limit' or 'breaking point' beyond which something cannot continue, whereas 下限 specifically denotes the lowest permissible value in a range.
Compound of 下 (lower) and 限 (limit). The reading かげん follows standard on'yomi.