不ふ振しん

ふ

し

ん

Common wordJLPTN1Freq.FrequencyTop 20,000

Meanings

noun, noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no', na-adjective

Describes a prolonged period of poor performance, low activity, or lack of vigor, especially in business, sports, or personal condition.

景けい気きの不ふ振しんが続つづいている。
The economic slump continues.
不ふ振しんのチームを立たて直なおす。
Rebuild the struggling team.
食しょく欲よく不ふ振しんで体たい重じゅうが減へった。
I lost weight due to a lack of appetite.

See all 22 example sentences ›

Usage patterns

〈事こと〉が不ふ振しんに陥おちいるfor something to fall into a slump
その企き業ぎょうの業ぎょう績せきが不ふ振しんに陥おちいった。
The company's business performance fell into a slump.
不ふ振しんを克こく服ふくするto overcome a slump
チームは不ふ振しんを克こく服ふくして優ゆう勝しょうした。
The team overcame its slump and won the championship.
〈事こと〉の不ふ振しんが続つづくfor something's slump to continue
輸ゆ出しゅつの不ふ振しんが続つづいている。
The slump in exports is continuing.

Kanji

不negative, non-, bad
振shake, wave, wag

Related words· 8

低てい迷めいN1
低迷 stresses hovering persistently at a low level (often used with 業績・成績), while 不振 more broadly names the state of poor performance itself.
不ふ調ちょうN2
不調 often refers to a temporary bad condition or malfunction, while 不振 implies a longer-term slump or stagnation.
停てい滞たいN1
停滞 emphasizes a standstill or blockage in progress, whereas 不振 focuses on poor performance or low activity.
スランプ
スランプ is a casual loanword typically used for an individual's temporary bad patch (e.g. in sports), while 不振 is the more formal, general term for sustained poor results.

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上あがったり
不振 is the formal word for a business or performance slump, while 上がったり is a colloquial, fixed expression for the same kind of failing state.
芳かんばしくないN1
不振 is a noun describing sluggish or poor performance (often paired with する), while 芳しくない is an adjective directly describing results or conditions as unsatisfactory.
低てい調ちょう
不振 is used specifically for poor sales or performance falling short of expectations, while 低調 more broadly describes low activity, energy, or mood in any situation.
沈ちん滞たい
不振 focuses on poor results or performance (e.g. business, sales), whereas 沈滞 emphasizes prolonged lack of progress or energy over time.

Opposites· 6

好こう調ちょうN1
好調 describes things going well or performing strongly, the direct opposite of 不振's slump or poor performance.
活かつ躍やくN3
不振 describes poor or sluggish performance, the opposite of the energetic success implied by 活躍.
繁はん盛じょうN1
不振 means a business is in a slump or performing poorly, the direct opposite of 繁盛's thriving state.

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旺おう盛せいN2
不振 describes something sluggish or underperforming (e.g. 食欲不振), the direct opposite of 旺盛's sense of being vigorous or abundant.
盛せい況きょう
不振 describes a slump or poor performance, the opposite of the thriving state described by 盛況.
好こう成せい績せき
不振 means poor performance or a slump, the direct opposite of 好成績's strong results.

Don't confuse with

不ふ審しんN1
不審 (same reading, different kanji) means 'suspicious/doubtful', while 不振 means 'a slump or poor performance'; do not confuse the two despite identical pronunciation.
不ふ発はつ
不振 describes an ongoing slump or poor performance (e.g. a batter in a slump), whereas 不発 refers to a single failure to fire or produce an effect.

Word family

業ぎょう績せき不ふ振しんN1
poor business performance; sluggish earnings; economic slump
経けい営えい不ふ振しんN1
business slump; slowdown in business activity
学がく業ぎょう不ふ振しん
poor academic performance; underachievement
成せい績せき不ふ振しん
poor performance; poor results
販はん売ばい不ふ振しん
sales slump; poor sales
食しょく欲よく不ふ振しん
loss of appetite; anorexia

Etymology

Compound of 不 (fu, 'not') and 振 (shin, 'rise, flourish'), literally meaning 'not flourishing'. The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the word has been used in Japanese to describe economic and performance slumps since at least the early modern period.