Budget Bureau
Refers specifically to the Budget Bureau within Japan's Ministry of Finance, responsible for compiling the national budget.
主計局は財務省の重要な部署です。
The Budget Bureau is an important department of the Ministry of Finance.
Compound of 主計 (shukei, 'accounting' or 'budget') and 局 (kyoku, 'bureau'). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the term is conventionally associated with the government body responsible for budget compilation.