the whole body; all five body parts
Refers to the entire body, often with a nuance of all limbs and head. Sense 3 is the original meaning (head, two hands, two feet; or head, neck, chest, hands, feet). In modern use, 五体 is most common in set phrases like 五体満足 (with all limbs intact).
I am grateful to have been born with all my limbs intact.
After the accident, my whole body no longer moved as I wanted.
the five calligraphy styles
Refers to the five classical styles of writing Chinese characters: seal script (篆書), clerical script (隷書), regular script (楷書), semi-cursive script (行書), and cursive script (草書). This is a specialized term used in calligraphy and historical contexts.
The calligraphy teacher taught me all five styles.
Works in all five calligraphy styles are exhibited at this exhibition.
My whole body trembled with fear.
身体 is a formal, general word for 'the body' used in medical or legal contexts, whereas 五体 specifically evokes the head and four limbs as a unit and appears almost only in fixed expressions.
Standard kanji spelling; high-frequency news and spec priority.
From 五 (five) + 体 (body). The original meaning referred to the five parts of the body in traditional Chinese medicine or philosophy. The calligraphy sense derives from the same 'five' + 'form' concept.