five races under one union
Historical political slogan of the early Republic of China, referring to Han, Manchu, Mongol, Hui, and Tibetan peoples. Often encountered in historical or political contexts.
After the Xinhai Revolution, five races under one union was raised as a founding principle of the Republic of China.
harmony of the five races
Only when written 五族協和
Official policy of Manchukuo, promoting unity among Manchurians, Han, Mongolians, Koreans, and Japanese. A yojijukugo with strong historical connotations.
See also: 満州国
Manchukuo advocated harmony of the five races as its slogan.
Specifically refers to the Republic of China's founding principle; 五族協和 is the broader term that also covers the Manchukuo policy.
Standard kanji spelling for both senses; the Manchukuo sense is specifically associated with this form.
Alternate spelling used for the Republic of China founding principle; not used for the Manchukuo policy.
From 五族 (five races) + 協和 or 共和 (harmony/union). The exact historical derivation is tied to early 20th-century East Asian political movements; the spelling 協和 is particularly associated with Manchukuo.