共
together, both, neither, all, and, alike, with
Readings
On'yomi
- キョウ
Kun'yomi
- とも
- とも.に
- -ども
Meaning
共 centers on shared participation or inclusion: things being together, both, all, or alike. The conjunction senses 'and' and 'with' follow naturally from that idea of togetherness.
Most common words using 共
24 of 647- 共ともN1
together with
- 共ども
first-person plural (or singular)
- 共通きょうつうN3
common; shared; mutual
- 共同きょうどうN2
cooperation; collaboration; association; partnership; (acting in) unison
- 共有きょうゆうN1
joint ownership; co-ownership; sharing (e.g. a viewpoint)
- 公共こうきょうN2
public (facilities, service, etc.); communal
- 共にともにN3
together; jointly
- 共産党きょうさんとう
Communist Party
- 共和きょうわN1
republicanism
- 共感きょうかんN1
sympathy; empathy; response; identification (with someone)
- 共演きょうえん
appearing together (in a film, play, etc.); performing together (at a concert, etc.); acting together; co-starring; playing together (in a sports match)
- 共産きょうさんN1
communism
- 共和党きょうわとう
Republican Party
- 共謀きょうぼう
conspiracy; collusion; complicity
- 共闘きょうとう
joint struggle; common (united) front
- 共存きょうぞんN1
coexistence
- 共用きょうようN1
common use; communal use; sharing
- 共生きょうせい
coexistence; living together
- 共犯きょうはん
complicity
- 共済きょうさい
mutual aid
- 共鳴きょうめいN1
resonance
- 共働きともばたらきN1
(husband and wife) both working; dual income
- 共催きょうさい
joint sponsorship (of an event); cosponsorship; joint hosting
- 共著きょうちょ
joint authorship; co-authorship; collaboration; joint work
Study
Etymology
共 is thought to depict two hands jointly holding an object, representing the idea of sharing or doing something together.
Meaning mnemonic
The top 龷 looks like two hands coming together, and the lower strokes suggest a shared base. Picture two people holding a tray together: 共 means together, both, or with.
Reading mnemonic
For キョウ, imagine two people shouting 'kyou!' (like 'kyo') in unison as they lift a heavy object together: kyou -> キョウ, and they do it together.