Usage patterns
〈相手〉に対して債権を持つto hold a claim against someone
He holds a claim against that company.
債権を回収するto collect on a claim/debt
The bank had a hard time collecting on the bad debt.
債権を行使するto exercise a claim (legally enforce it)
She exercised her claim and demanded payment.
債権が発生するfor a claim to arise (legally)
The claim arises at the moment the contract is made.