前ぜん科か

ぜ

ん

か

Freq.FrequencyTop 20,000

Meanings

noun

previous conviction; criminal record

Refers to a past criminal offense or the resulting record. Commonly used in legal and everyday contexts.

彼かれには前ぜん科かがある。
He has a criminal record.
前ぜん科かがなければ、この仕し事ごとに応おう募ぼできます。
If you have no previous convictions, you can apply for this job.

See all 22 example sentences ›

Usage patterns

〈人ひと〉に前ぜん科かがあるsomeone has a criminal record
彼かれには前ぜん科かがあるので、就しゅう職しょくが難むずかしい。
Because he has a criminal record, finding a job is difficult.
前ぜん科かがつくto acquire a criminal record
万まん引びきをして前ぜん科かがついた。
He got a criminal record for shoplifting.
前ぜん科かを持もつto have a criminal record
前ぜん科かを持もつ人ひとには社しゃ会かい復ふっ帰きの支し援えんが必ひつ要ようだ。
People with a criminal record need support to reintegrate into society.

Kanji

前in front, before
科department, course, section

Related words

犯はん罪ざい歴れき
犯罪歴 is the formal, official-document term for a criminal history, while 前科 is the everyday word for a past conviction.
前ぜん歴れき
前科 specifically means a criminal conviction record, a narrower and more serious subset of what 前歴 can refer to.

Don't confuse with

逮たい捕ほ歴れき
逮捕歴 means a record of having been arrested, whereas 前科 specifically means a past criminal conviction—being arrested does not necessarily result in 前科.

Word family

前ぜん科か者しゃ
ex-convict; former convict; person with a criminal record

Etymology

Compound of 前 (previous) and 科 (offense, crime). The kanji 科 originally referred to a category of wrongdoing, later extended to mean a criminal charge or record.