A formal written receipt, often used in legal or business contexts. More formal than 領収書 (りょうしゅうしょ).
We will issue a receipt along with the contract.
領収書 is the common everyday word for a receipt, while 受取証書 is more formal and often used in legal or official documents.
Compound of 受取 (うけとり, 'receiving') and 証書 (しょうしょ, 'certificate' or 'document').