dual-income couple; both spouses working
Refers to a married couple where both partners are employed. Often used in economic or social contexts. The synonym 夫婦共働き is more common in modern usage.
See also: 夫婦共働き
We support the household finances with both spouses working.
The number of dual-income households is increasing.
More common synonym with the same meaning. 共稼ぎ uses 稼ぐ (to earn), emphasizing the financial aspect, while 共働き uses 働く (to work), focusing on the act of working.
Compound of 夫婦 (married couple) + 共 (together) + 稼ぎ (earning, from 稼ぐ). The exact historical derivation is uncertain, but the word transparently describes a household where both spouses earn income.