countermeasure; retaliatory measure
A measure taken in response to another party's action, often in political, economic, or military contexts.
The government announced countermeasures against the import restrictions.
対策 is a general term for measures or steps to deal with a problem, while 対抗措置 specifically implies a retaliatory or opposing action against another party's move.
Compound of 対抗 (opposition, resistance) and 措置 (measure, step).