noun
citizen (of a country); citizenry
Refers to a person holding citizenship of a nation, or collectively to the citizenry. Often used in legal, political, or formal contexts.
彼は日本市民としての権利を主張した。
He asserted his rights as a Japanese citizen.
市
The voices of the citizenry should be reflected in politics.
noun
resident (of a city); townspeople; inhabitant
Refers to people living in a particular city or town, without necessarily implying national citizenship. Common in municipal contexts.
市長は市民の安全を第一に考えている。
The mayor prioritizes the safety of the city's residents.
この公園は市民の憩いの場です。
This park is a place of relaxation for the townspeople.
noun
Historical or sociological term for the bourgeois class, especially in Marxist or pre-modern contexts. Less common in everyday speech.
フランス革命では市民が特権階級に反抗した。
In the French Revolution, the bourgeoisie revolted against the privileged classes.