応える · ichidan verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 応える | 応えない |
| Polite | 応えます | 応えません |
| Past polite | 応えました | 応えませんでした |
| Past | 応えた | 応えなかった |
| Te-form | 応えて | 応えないで |
| Desire | 応えたい | 応えたくない |
| Potential | 応えられるalso 応えれる | 応えられないalso 応えれない |
| Passive | 応えられる | 応えられない |
| Causative | 応えさせる | 応えさせない |
| Causative passive | 応えさせられる | 応えさせられない |
| Volitional | 応えよう | |
| Polite volitional | 応えましょう | |
| Imperative | 応えろ | 応えるな |
| Conditional | 応えれば | 応えなければ |
| Tara conditional | 応えたら | 応えなかったら |
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
respond; answer; meet (demands/expectations)
Used for responding to a call, question, or need, and for living up to expectations or demands. Often takes に (e.g., 期待に応える).
He announced policies that meet the people's expectations.
In response to customer requests, we added new menu items.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
affect; take a toll; strike home; be hard on
Describes something that affects one deeply, often physically or emotionally, such as cold, heat, fatigue, or harsh words. Often used with に (e.g., 寒さが身に応える). Note: This sense is distinct from 堪える (こたえる) which can also mean 'to bear' or 'to withstand'.
See also: こらえる (こたえる)
This summer's heat is especially hard on the body.
His criticism struck home.
The company decided to respond to the employees' requests.
This cold weather really takes a toll on elderly people.
The athlete smiled in response to the fans' cheers.
応える shares the kanji 応 with 応じる but is read こたえる and means to respond emotionally to expectations or needs, not to comply or apply.
chewy texture; chewiness
worthiness as an opponent; challenge