応える · ichidan verb
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 応える | 応えない |
| Polite | 応えます | 応えません |
| Past polite | 応えました | 応えませんでした |
| Past | 応えた | 応えなかった |
| Te-form | 応えて | 応えないで |
| Desire | 応えたい | 応えたくない |
| Potential | 応えられるalso 応えれる | 応えられないalso 応えれない |
| Passive | 応えられる | 応えられない |
| Causative | 応えさせる | 応えさせない |
| Causative passive | 応えさせられる | 応えさせられない |
| Volitional | 応えよう | |
| Polite volitional | 応えましょう | |
| Imperative | 応えろ | 応えるな |
| Conditional | 応えれば | 応えなければ |
| Tara conditional | 応えたら | 応えなかったら |
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
respond; answer; meet (demands/expectations)
Used for responding to a call, question, or need, and for living up to expectations or demands. Often takes に (e.g., 期待に応える).
He announced policies that meet the people's expectations.
お客様のご要望に応えて、新メニューを追加しました。
In response to customer requests, we added new menu items.
ichidan verb, intransitive verb
affect; take a toll; strike home; be hard on
Describes something that affects one deeply, often physically or emotionally, such as cold, heat, fatigue, or harsh words. Often used with に (e.g., 寒さが身に応える). Note: This sense is distinct from 堪える (こたえる) which can also mean 'to bear' or 'to withstand'.
See also: こらえる (こたえる)
今年の夏の暑さは特に体に応える。
This summer's heat is especially hard on the body.
彼の批判は心に応えた。
His criticism struck home.
The company decided to respond to the employees' requests.
This cold weather really takes a toll on elderly people.
The athlete smiled in response to the fans' cheers.
応える shares the kanji 応 with 応ずる but is read こたえる and means to live up to expectations or respond emotionally, not to formally comply.
応える shares the kanji 応 with 応じる but is read こたえる and means to respond emotionally to expectations or needs, not to comply or apply.
chewy texture; chewiness
worthiness as an opponent; challenge