欠かける

か

け

る

Common wordJLPTN3Freq.FrequencyTop 10,000

欠ける · ichidan verb

Form	Positive	Negative
Dictionary	欠かける	欠かけない
Polite	欠かけます	欠かけません
Past polite	欠かけました	欠かけませんでした
Past	欠かけた	欠かけなかった
Te-form	欠かけて	欠かけないで
Desire	欠かけたい	欠かけたくない
Potential	欠かけられるalso 欠かけれる	欠かけられないalso 欠かけれない
Passive	欠かけられる	欠かけられない
Causative	欠かけさせる	欠かけさせない
Causative passive	欠かけさせられる	欠かけさせられない
Volitional	欠かけよう
Polite volitional	欠かけましょう
Imperative	欠かけろ	欠かけるな
Conditional	欠かければ	欠かけなければ
Tara conditional	欠かけたら	欠かけなかったら

Pairs with欠く

Meanings

ichidan verb, intransitive verb

chip; break off; be damaged

Physical damage: a piece breaks off, a container gets chipped, or an edge becomes jagged. Intransitive; the thing itself is affected.

茶ちゃ碗わんのふちが欠かけてしまった。
The rim of the teacup got chipped.
歯はが欠かけたので歯は医い者しゃに行いった。
My tooth chipped, so I went to the dentist.

ichidan verb, intransitive verb

be missing; be absent; become lost

A member, part, or item is missing from a set, group, or expected whole. Often used with numbers or collections.

メンバーが一人ひとり欠かけている。
One member is missing.
このセットは部ぶ品ひんが一ひとつ欠かけている。
This set is missing one part.

ichidan verb, intransitive verb

be lacking; be short of; be deficient

Abstract deficiency: something is insufficient in quality, quantity, or a required trait. Common with nouns like 経験, 能力, 注意.

彼かれは経けい験けんが欠かけている。
He lacks experience.
この計けい画かくは具ぐ体たい性せいに欠かける。
This plan lacks concreteness.

ichidan verb, intransitive verb

wane (moon); go into eclipse

Astronomical use: the moon wanes or is eclipsed. Also written 虧ける in some contexts. Antonym: 満ちる.

Antonyms: 満ちる (みちる)

月つきが欠かけていく。
The moon is waning.
今こん夜やは月つきが欠かけて見みえる。
Tonight the moon appears eclipsed.

See all 222 example sentences ›

Usage patterns

〈物もの〉が欠かけるfor an object to get chipped or have a piece break off
お皿さらの端はしが欠かけてしまった。
The edge of the plate got chipped.
〈数かず〉が欠かけるfor a member or unit to be missing from a set
メンバーが一人ひとり欠かけている。
One member is missing from the group.
〈事こと〉に欠かけるto be lacking in a certain quality or trait
彼かれの意い見けんは説せっ得とく力りょくに欠かける。
His opinion lacks persuasiveness.
月つきが欠かけるfor the moon to wane
満まん月げつから少すこしずつ月つきが欠かけていく。
The moon gradually wanes from its full phase.

Expressions

常じょう識しきに欠かけるlack common sense
決きめ手てに欠かけるlack a decisive factor; lack a trump card; lack conclusive evidence
櫛くしの歯はが欠かけたようfull of gaps; missing important things here and there

Kanji

欠lack, gap, fail
缺lack, gap, fail
闕lack, gap, fail

Transitive / intransitive

欠かくN1
欠く is transitive (someone chips or lacks something), while 欠ける is its intransitive counterpart (something becomes chipped or is lacking).
欠かかすN2
欠かす is transitive, describing the act of omitting or going without something, while 欠ける is intransitive, describing something being missing, lacking, or chipped.

Related words

壊こわれるN4sense 1
壊れる means something breaks or stops functioning as a whole, while 欠ける means a piece chips off but the object may still be usable.
足たりるN5sense 3
足りる describes whether an amount is sufficient (often negated as 足りない), while 欠ける directly expresses that a quality or element is lacking.
ウェイン
欠ける is the common Japanese verb for the moon waning or losing fullness, while ウェイン is a rarer, more technical loanword for the same phenomenon.

Opposites· 6

満みちるN3sense 4
fill; become full; be filled; brim · wax (moon) · rise (tide); flow; come in · expire (period); mature; come to an end
足たりるN5
欠ける means something is missing or lacking, the opposite of 足りる meaning something is sufficient.
備そなわるN1
欠ける means a needed quality or part is missing, the opposite of 備わる, which means it is present.

Show 3 more

満みつ
満つ describes the moon waxing or becoming full, whereas 欠ける describes it waning or lacking something.
足たるN2
欠ける means 'to be lacking or insufficient', the opposite of 足る's sense of 'being enough'.
揃そろうN3
欠ける means something is missing or lacking, the direct opposite of 揃う's sense of being complete.

Don't confuse with

かけるN5
掛ける (to hang, to spend, to make a call, etc.) is a completely different verb that happens to share the same reading かける with 欠ける.
駆かけるN1
欠ける (same reading かける) means 'to be missing or chipped', a completely different meaning from 駆ける's 'to run'.

Word family

満みち欠かけ
waxing and waning (of the moon)
欠かけ
fragment; splinter; chip · wane (of the Moon)
欠かけ目め
chip; missing piece; broken part · short weight; underweight · false eye
欠かけ落おち
self-exile; going into hiding
画が素そ欠かけ
pixel defect; dead pixel
ドット欠かけ
pixel defect; dead pixel

Written forms

欠かけるUsage100%
Standard kanji spelling for all senses.
缺かけるUsage<1%
Old-style variant of 欠ける; rarely used in modern Japanese.
闕かける
Archaic variant; not used in contemporary writing.

Etymology

A native Japanese verb historically related to 欠く and serving as its intransitive counterpart: 欠く means “remove or lack,” while 欠ける means “become missing, deficient, or chipped.”