こもる · godan verb (-ru)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | こもる | こもらない |
| Polite | こもります | こもりません |
| Past polite | こもりました | こもりませんでした |
| Past | こもった | こもらなかった |
| Te-form | こもって | こもらないで |
| Desire | こもりたい | こもりたくない |
| Potential | こもれる | こもれない |
| Passive | こもられる | こもられない |
| Causative | こもらせる | こもらせない |
| Causative passive | こもらせられるalso こもらされる | こもらせられないalso こもらされない |
| Volitional | こもろう | |
| Polite volitional | こもりましょう | |
| Imperative | こもれ | こもるな |
| Conditional | こもれば | こもらなければ |
| Tara conditional | こもったら | こもらなかったら |
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
shut oneself in; stay inside; seclude oneself
Describes a person staying inside a room, house, or other enclosed space, often for a long time or to avoid others. Common in phrases like 部屋にこもる.
He stayed shut in his room all day playing games.
試験前は図書館にこもって勉強する。
Before exams, I shut myself in the library to study.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.); be imbued with
Used for abstract qualities like emotion, power, or sincerity that fill a work, action, or expression. Often appears in the pattern ～のこもった＋noun or ～がこもる.
See also: 熱のこもった
彼のスピーチには熱意がこもっていた。
His speech was filled with enthusiasm.
心のこもった贈り物をありがとう。
Thank you for the heartfelt gift.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be filled with (gas, smell, etc.); be heavy with; be stuffy
Describes a space becoming filled with smoke, steam, smell, or a dense atmosphere. Often used for unpleasant or noticeable sensory fill.
部屋にタバコの煙がこもっている。
The room is filled with cigarette smoke.
浴室に湯気がこもって前が見えない。
The bathroom is so steamy I can't see ahead.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
be muffled (voice); be stifled
Describes a voice or sound that is muffled, as if coming from inside something or being held back. Often used with 声.
See also: こもった声
マスクで声がこもって聞き取りにくい。
My voice is muffled by the mask and hard to hear.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
Historical military use: to hole up in and defend a castle or fortification. Rare in modern conversation.
戦国時代、武将は城にこもって戦った。
In the Warring States period, warlords held their castles and fought.
godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb
confine oneself in a temple to pray
Traditional religious practice of staying in a temple for a period of prayer or ascetic training. Rare and context-specific.
願掛けのために寺にこもる。
Confine oneself in a temple to make a prayer wish.
He shut himself in his room all day to study.
This present is filled with her genuine feeling.
Smoke has filled the room and it's stinging my eyes.
Wearing a mask muffles your voice and makes it hard to hear.
Irregular okurigana usage; not recommended.
Variant kanji form; 籠もる is more standard.
Rarely used kanji form.