かぶる

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

put on one's head; wear on the head; pull over one's head

Used for hats, helmets, crowns, hoods, bedding, and other things placed on or pulled over the head. The kana spelling is especially common in ordinary writing.

• 外そとに出でる前まえに帽ぼう子しをかぶった。

  I put on a hat before going outside.

• 子こどもは布ふ団とんを頭あたまからかぶった。

  The child pulled the futon over their head.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

be covered with; pour over oneself; take on water

Takes the thing that comes over the subject as the object: 雪をかぶる, 水をかぶる, 波をかぶる. It can describe being covered, dousing oneself, or a boat shipping water.

• 山やまの頂ちょう上じょうが雪ゆきをかぶっている。

  The mountain peak is covered with snow.

• 暑あつかったので、庭にわで水みずをかぶった。

  It was hot, so I poured water over myself in the yard.

• 小ちいさな船ふねが大おおきな波なみをかぶった。

  The small boat shipped a large wave.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

take blame; shoulder a burden; assume responsibility

Used for taking on an unwanted burden such as blame, debt, responsibility, or another person's fault. Common collocations include 責任をかぶる, 借金をかぶる, and 罪をかぶる.

• 彼かれは部ぶ下かのミスの責せき任にんをかぶった。

  He took responsibility for his subordinate's mistake.

• 兄あにの借しゃっ金きんをかぶることになった。

  I ended up shouldering my older brother's debt.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

overlap; be superimposed

Used when sounds, voices, colors, or visual elements overlap so that they interfere or lie on top of each other. In everyday usage this often appears with が or と.

• 二人ふたりの声こえがかぶって、何なにを言いっているのか分わからなかった。

  Their voices overlapped, so I couldn't tell what they were saying.

godan verb (-ru), transitive verb

be the same; duplicate; be redundant

Casual-to-neutral everyday use for schedules, ideas, roles, clothes, jokes, or content that unintentionally match or duplicate each other.

• 会かい議ぎと授じゅ業ぎょうの時じ間かんがかぶってしまった。

  The meeting and the class ended up being at the same time.

• 友とも達だちと服ふく装そうがかぶった。

  My outfit was the same as my friend's.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

be fogged; be veiled by exposure

Photography use, especially of film or an image becoming fogged or whitish from overexposure or unwanted light.

• フィルムがかぶって、写しゃ真しんが白しろっぽくなっていた。

  The film was fogged, and the photo had turned whitish.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

close; come to an end

Specialized theatrical use for a performance or play coming to an end. It is not the normal everyday verb for 'close' or 'end.'

• 古ふるい劇げき場じょう用よう語ごでは、「芝しば居いがかぶる」は芝しば居いが終おわることを指さす。

  In old theatrical terminology, 芝居がかぶる refers to a play coming to an end.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

sell out; get a full house

Specialized theatrical use for a play or performance drawing a full house or selling out. This is limited jargon, not the usual modern way to say tickets are sold out.

• 劇げき場じょう用よう語ごでは、「芝しば居いがかぶる」が満まん員いんになることを表あらわす場ば合あいもある。

  In theatrical terminology, 芝居がかぶる can also mean that a performance is full.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

blunder; bungle; fail

Archaic theatrical-related use, especially associated with the expression 毛氈を被る. Do not use it as an ordinary modern verb for making a mistake.

See also: 毛氈を被る

• 「毛もう氈せんをかぶる」は、役やく者しゃが舞ぶ台たいで失しっ敗ぱいすることをいう古ふるい表ひょう現げんだ。

  毛氈をかぶる is an old expression meaning that an actor blunders on stage.

godan verb (-ru), intransitive verb

be deceived

Archaic use meaning to be tricked or deceived. Modern Japanese normally uses だまされる instead.

• 古ふるい文ぶん章しょうでは、「かぶる」が「だまされる」という意い味みで使つかわれることがある。

  In old writing, かぶる is sometimes used to mean 'be deceived.'