Refers specifically to a person's height. Not used for the height of objects or buildings; use 高さ for those.
How tall are you? (lit. What is your height in centimeters?)
He is tall.
He is tall and good at basketball.
Since I'm short, I sat in the front seat.
I had my height measured at the health checkup.
My height suddenly increased when I was a junior high student.
Her height is 160 centimeters.