金石
Meanings
1
minerals and rocks; metal and stone
Refers to hard, durable natural substances; also used figuratively for something firm and unchanging, as in 金石の交わり (a firm friendship).
Many ancient metal and stone artifacts have been excavated from this area.
Their friendship is so firm it could be called a bond of metal and stone.
2
epigraph; inscription on metal or stone
Specifically refers to inscriptions carved on metal or stone monuments, stelae, or tablets; a somewhat literary or historical term.
The epigraph on this stone monument is difficult to decipher.
Usage patterns
- 金石の交わりa friendship as firm and unbreakable as metal and stone
The two have kept an unbreakable friendship since their school days.
- 金石に〈事〉を刻むto carve/inscribe something onto metal or stone for lasting record
The king's achievements were carved into metal and stone and passed down to later generations.