に則って・
に則って describes an action or procedure carried out in conformity with an established rule, standard, principle, custom, or model. It strongly suggests compliance, not merely using something as a general reference.
What it emphasizes
The noun before the expression supplies an established norm that can genuinely be obeyed or followed. Typical choices include laws, regulations, standards, principles, customs, common practice, and precedents. The action after it should be something that can conform to that norm, such as managing information, conducting an examination, making a judgment, or following a procedure.
The three main forms
The meaning stays stable across the forms; what changes is how the expression connects to the rest of the sentence.
個人情報保護法に則って、収集したデータを適切に管理します。
We manage the collected data appropriately in accordance with the Personal Information Protection Act.
Analyze当社の慣例に則り、退任する会長に記念品を贈呈した。
In keeping with company custom, a commemorative gift was presented to the retiring chairperson.
Analyze公正の原則に則った審査制度を構築する必要がある。
It is necessary to establish a review system that conforms to the principle of fairness.
AnalyzeCompliance, basis, reality, or evaluation?
に則って foregrounds compliance with an established norm. に沿って is broader and follows a route, plan, intention, or request. に基づいて identifies the grounds for an action or decision. に即して adapts something to actual conditions. に照らして evaluates a case by comparing it with a criterion. The same law or standard may occur with more than one of these expressions; choose according to what the sentence is doing.
More examples
製品は国際基準に則って検査された。
The product was inspected in accordance with international standards.
Analyze社内規程に則り、申請書を人事部へ提出してください。
Please submit the application form to the human resources department in accordance with company regulations.
Analyze古くからの慣習に則った式典が執り行われた。
A ceremony conforming to long-established custom was held.
Analyze基本原則に則って、すべての応募者を公平に扱う。
All applicants will be treated fairly in accordance with the basic principles.
Analyze委員会は過去の先例に則り、非公開で審議を進めた。
Following past precedent, the committee conducted its deliberations behind closed doors.
Analyzeこの模型は自然法則に則った動きを再現する。
This model reproduces motion that conforms to the laws of nature.
Analyze