Translation guide
The English verb 'instruct' covers giving orders, teaching, and providing official information. Japanese uses different expressions depending on the relationship, formality, and whether the focus is on commanding, teaching, or informing.
To tell someone to do something, often in a formal or authoritative context.
Formal verb meaning to command or order. Used in official or hierarchical situations.
To impart knowledge or skills, often in an educational setting.
The most common verb for teaching or instructing. Used for both formal and informal contexts.
To formally inform someone about a decision, procedure, or fact.
Standard verb for official notification. Used in legal, business, and administrative contexts.
The boss instructed the subordinate to work overtime.
Common verb for giving instructions or directions. Neutral formality, widely used in business and daily life.
The teacher instructed the students on the assignment.
Stronger than 指示する, implies a direct order. Often used in military or strict hierarchical contexts.
The officer instructed the soldiers to advance.
Casual verb for telling someone to do something, often used in family or informal settings. Can sound bossy.
The mother instructed the child to run an errand.
He instructs mathematics at a high school.
Implies coaching or guiding, often in sports, arts, or professional training. More formal than 教える.
The coach instructed the athlete on form.
Very formal, used for academic instruction or lecturing. Often seen in university contexts.
The professor instructed the graduate students on research methods.
The company instructed the employees about the new regulations.
Formal term for issuing a directive or circular, often from an authority to subordinates.
The government instructed each municipality on the guidelines.
General verb for conveying information. Less formal, can be used when 'instruct' means simply to tell or pass on a message.
The receptionist instructed the visitor on the location of the meeting room.