Translation guide
Refers to the formal steps and actions taken in a court of law to resolve a legal dispute. This includes lawsuits, trials, hearings, and other official legal processes.
The overall process of a legal case, including court actions and procedures.
He filed a lawsuit against the company.
Legal proceedings take time.
Refers to a trial or court judgment. Often used for the courtroom proceedings themselves.
The trial will be held next month.
A more formal term meaning 'legal procedures' or 'legal steps'. Used in official contexts.
It is necessary to follow legal procedures.
Specifically the events that happen in a courtroom, such as hearings and trials.
Refers to a public trial or court hearing in a criminal case. Used in formal legal contexts.
The trial was held behind closed doors.
Refers to the hearing or examination of a case in court. Often used for the process of trying a case.
The act of initiating a legal case against someone.
Legal proceedings that are not criminal, such as disputes over contracts or family matters.
Civil lawsuit. The standard term for non-criminal legal proceedings.
This is a criminal case, not a civil lawsuit.
Legal proceedings related to crimes and punishment.
Criminal proceedings. The formal term for a criminal case.
In criminal proceedings, the prosecution bears the burden of proof.
訴訟 (そしょう) refers to the entire legal action or lawsuit, including pre-trial procedures. 裁判 (さいばん) specifically refers to the trial or judgment in court. In everyday conversation, 裁判 is often used more broadly for 'court case'.
to file a lawsuit
to win a trial
The English phrase 'legal proceedings' is often used in a broad sense. In Japanese, it's more natural to specify the type of proceeding (e.g., 訴訟, 裁判, 手続き) depending on context. A direct translation like 法的進行 is not used.
裁判官が審理を進めた。
The judge proceeded with the hearing.
The victim filed a criminal complaint with the police.