Translation guide
The English word 'motion' covers several distinct concepts: physical movement, a formal proposal in a meeting, a hand gesture, and more. This guide helps you choose the right Japanese expression for each meaning.
Describing the process or state of moving, often in a general or abstract sense.
The most common and versatile word for 'motion' as movement. Can refer to physical movement, change, or activity.
The machine's motion stopped.
His motions were quick.
Often used for physical exercise or motion in a scientific context (physics). Can also refer to a campaign or movement.
Observe the motion of an object.
I exercise every day.
Refers to a specific action or movement, often of a person or machine. Common in technical contexts.
Program the robot's motions.
Please repeat that motion.
Making a suggestion or proposal that is formally discussed and voted on.
The standard term for a formal motion in a meeting, parliament, or court.
He put forward a motion at the meeting.
The motion was passed.
A more general word for 'proposal' or 'suggestion'. Can be used in less formal settings, but '動議' is preferred for parliamentary procedure.
Using a movement of the hand or body to communicate something.
A signal or sign made with a gesture. Often used for giving a cue or direction.
Give a motion with one's hand.
We started at his motion.
Gesture, especially using the body. Often paired with 手振り (てぶり, hand gestures).
Loanword from English, commonly used for gestures, especially in casual or entertainment contexts.
Describing a feeling or desire that moves someone to act.
A phrase meaning 'the feeling of wanting to do something'. Used to express an inner motion or impulse.
I felt a motion to help him.
Impulse or urge. Stronger than a mere inclination.
Describing something that is currently moving or functioning.
動き (うごき) is the most general term for movement or motion. 動作 (どうさ) refers to a specific, often deliberate action or operation, commonly used for machines, robots, or human gestures. 運動 (うんどう) is used for physical exercise or motion in a scientific sense (physics).
The loanword モーション (mōshon) is sometimes used in sports or casual contexts (e.g., pitching motion), but it is not used for formal motions in meetings. Use 動議 (どうぎ) instead.
The pitcher's motion is big.
新しい企画の提案をします。
I will make a motion for a new project.
Explain with motions and gestures.
ジェスチャーゲームをしよう。
Let's play a motion game (charades).
衝動に駆られて叫んだ。
I shouted on a sudden motion (impulse).