Translation guide
The English word "palsy" refers to paralysis or a condition involving tremors or involuntary muscle movements. In Japanese, the most common equivalent is 麻痺 (まひ), which broadly means paralysis or loss of sensation. For specific medical conditions like Bell's palsy or cerebral palsy, more precise terms are used. This guide covers how to express the concept of palsy in Japanese, from general paralysis to specific disorders.
Expressing the general concept of paralysis, numbness, or loss of muscle control, as in "facial palsy" or "his arm was palsied."
The standard medical and general term for paralysis or palsy. Can refer to loss of motor function or sensation. Used in compounds like 顔面麻痺 (facial palsy).
After the accident, his right arm became paralyzed.
I have symptoms of facial palsy.
Refers to numbness or tingling, often temporary. Not exactly paralysis, but used when describing a "pins and needles" sensation or mild palsy-like symptoms.
My legs went numb after sitting in seiza for a long time.
Means paralysis, often used in medical contexts like 半身不随 (hemiplegia). More formal and less common in everyday speech.
He became hemiplegic after the stroke.
Referring specifically to Bell's palsy, a temporary facial paralysis.
Referring to the congenital disorder of movement and posture.
The standard term for cerebral palsy. Used in medical and everyday contexts.
He was born with cerebral palsy.
The abbreviation CP (シーピー) is sometimes used in medical or support contexts, but 脳性麻痺 is clearer.
This is an organization that supports children with CP.
Expressing the trembling or shaking associated with some forms of palsy, especially in historical or literary contexts.
English sometimes uses "palsied" as an adjective (e.g., "his palsied hand"). In Japanese, it's more natural to use 麻痺した (paralyzed) or 震える (trembling) rather than trying to directly translate the archaic verb form.
麻痺 (まひ) implies a more serious, often permanent loss of motor function, while 痺れ (しびれ) is usually temporary numbness or tingling. Use 麻痺 for medical palsy, and 痺れ for a limb "falling asleep."
The medical term for facial nerve paralysis, which includes Bell's palsy. More descriptive.
The cause of facial nerve palsy is often unknown.
Essential tremor is common in the elderly.