Translation guide
The English word "proposition" has several distinct meanings. This guide covers the most common uses for learners: a proposal or suggestion, a statement or assertion in logic, a sexual advance, and a matter or task to be dealt with.
Expressing an idea, plan, or offer for consideration, especially in business or formal contexts.
The most common and neutral word for a proposal or suggestion. Used in business, meetings, and everyday situations.
I made a proposition for a new project.
That proposition was rejected.
An offer or proposal, often implying a voluntary or generous act. Slightly more formal and personal than 提案.
I accepted his proposition of assistance.
A formal proposition or recommendation, often used in official reports or by experts. More formal than 提案.
The committee made a policy proposition.
Referring to a statement that expresses a judgment or opinion, especially in logic, philosophy, or academic contexts.
The standard term in logic and philosophy for a proposition—a statement that can be true or false.
Is this proposition true or false?
A claim or assertion. Can be used for a proposition in a debate or argument, but less technical than 命題.
An offer or suggestion of sexual activity, often unwelcome or inappropriate.
A direct translation meaning 'sexual invitation'. Commonly used to describe a proposition.
He made a sexual proposition to her.
Literally 'to propose a physical relationship'. A more explicit and formal way to describe a sexual proposition.
Temptation or seduction. Can imply a sexual proposition in context, but is broader.
Referring to a difficult or important task, problem, or undertaking. Often used in phrases like 'a tough proposition'.
A problem or issue. In context, 'a tough proposition' can be translated as 難しい問題.
That's a tough proposition.
A task or job. Can be used for a proposition meaning an undertaking.
A matter or case, often used in business or legal contexts. Can refer to a proposition as a subject to be handled.
The English word 'proposition' covers many concepts. Do not assume a single Japanese word fits all. Always consider the intended meaning: proposal, logical statement, sexual advance, or task. Using 提案 for a sexual advance would be confusing and unnatural.
提案 (teian) is a general proposal or suggestion, often in business or creative contexts. 申し出 (moushide) is an offer, often implying a favor or voluntary action. For example, offering help is 援助の申し出, not 援助の提案.
He offered to help me with my work.
He lectured on a difficult philosophical proposition.
His proposition is based on evidence.
The boss propositioned his subordinate.
彼女は彼の誘惑を断った。
She refused his proposition.
This job is a tough proposition.
その案件は複雑だ。
That proposition is complicated.