Translation guide
The English word "proposition" has several distinct meanings. This guide covers the most common uses for learners: a proposal or suggestion, a statement or assertion in logic, a sexual advance, and a matter or task to be dealt with.
Expressing an idea, plan, or offer for consideration, especially in business or formal contexts.
The most common and neutral word for a proposal or suggestion. Used in business, meetings, and everyday situations.
新しいプロジェクトの提案をしました。
I made a proposition for a new project.
その提案は却下されました。
That proposition was rejected.
An offer or proposal, often implying a voluntary or generous act. Slightly more formal and personal than 提案.
彼の援助の申し出を受け入れた。
I accepted his proposition of assistance.
A formal proposition or recommendation, often used in official reports or by experts. More formal than 提案.
委員会は政策の提言を行った。
The committee made a policy proposition.
Referring to a statement that expresses a judgment or opinion, especially in logic, philosophy, or academic contexts.
The standard term in logic and philosophy for a proposition—a statement that can be true or false.
この命題は真か偽か？
Is this proposition true or false?
彼は難しい哲学の命題について講義した。
He lectured on a difficult philosophical proposition.
A claim or assertion. Can be used for a proposition in a debate or argument, but less technical than 命題.
An offer or suggestion of sexual activity, often unwelcome or inappropriate.
A direct translation meaning 'sexual invitation'. Commonly used to describe a proposition.
彼は彼女に性的な誘いをした。
He made a sexual proposition to her.
Literally 'to propose a physical relationship'. A more explicit and formal way to describe a sexual proposition.
上司が部下に肉体関係を持ちかけた。
The boss propositioned his subordinate.
Temptation or seduction. Can imply a sexual proposition in context, but is broader.
Referring to a difficult or important task, problem, or undertaking. Often used in phrases like 'a tough proposition'.
A problem or issue. In context, 'a tough proposition' can be translated as 難しい問題.
それは難しい問題だ。
That's a tough proposition.
A task or job. Can be used for a proposition meaning an undertaking.
A matter or case, often used in business or legal contexts. Can refer to a proposition as a subject to be handled.
The English word 'proposition' covers many concepts. Do not assume a single Japanese word fits all. Always consider the intended meaning: proposal, logical statement, sexual advance, or task. Using 提案 for a sexual advance would be confusing and unnatural.
提案 (teian) is a general proposal or suggestion, often in business or creative contexts. 申し出 (moushide) is an offer, often implying a favor or voluntary action. For example, offering help is 援助の申し出, not 援助の提案.
彼は私に仕事を手伝うと申し出た。
He offered to help me with my work.
His proposition is based on evidence.
彼女は彼の誘惑を断った。
She refused his proposition.
This job is a tough proposition.
その案件は複雑だ。
That proposition is complicated.