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Kotomora

恐

fear, dread, awe

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · secondary schoolFrequencyTop 1,000Strokes10

Readings

On'yomi

  • キョウ

Kun'yomi

  • おそ.れる
  • おそ.る
  • おそ.ろしい
  • こわ.い
  • こわ.がる

Meaning

恐 centers on a strong emotional reaction to something overwhelming: fear, dread, or awe. These feelings share a sense of being deeply affected by something powerful or threatening.

Most common words using 恐

20 of 121
  • 恐ろしいおそろしい
    N3

    terrible; dreadful; terrifying; frightening

  • 恐らくおそらく
    N3

    probably; (most) likely; in all likelihood; I suspect; I dare say; I'm afraid

  • 恐怖きょうふ
    N3

    fear; dread; dismay; terror; horror; scare; panic

  • 恐れおそれ
    N1

    fear; horror; anxiety; concern; uneasiness; reverence

  • 恐竜きょうりゅう

    dinosaur

  • 恐怖症きょうふしょう

    phobia; morbid fear

  • 恐縮きょうしゅく
    N2

    feeling (much) obliged; being (very) grateful; being thankful

  • 恐れるおそれる
    N3

    to fear; to be afraid of

  • 恐るおそる

    to fear; to be afraid

  • 恐喝きょうかつ

    blackmail; extortion; threat (to extort money)

  • 恐慌きょうこう
    N1

    panic; scare; alarm

  • 恐らくはおそらくは

    probably; (most) likely; in all likelihood; I suspect; I dare say; I'm afraid

  • 恐がりこわがり

    coward; timid person

  • 恐る恐るおそるおそる
    N1

    fearfully; timidly; nervously; cautiously; gingerly

  • 戦々恐々せんせんきょうきょう

    trembling with fear; in great fear; filled with trepidation; nervously; timidly

  • 末恐ろしいすえおそろしい

    frightening (of the future); worrying; scary; ominous; portentous

  • 恐れ入るおそれいる
    N1

    to be sorry; to beg someone's pardon; to feel small

  • 恐れ多いおそれおおい

    awesome; awe-inspiring; august; gracious

  • 恐るべきおそるべき

    terrible; terrifying; dreadful; horrible; horrifying; appalling

  • 恐妻きょうさい

    submission to one's wife

Explore all words using 恐 →

Study

Etymology

恐 combines 巩 (likely phonetic, suggesting a sense of being struck or overwhelmed) with 心 (heart/mind), indicating a strong emotional state of fear or awe.

Meaning mnemonic

The top part 巩 looks like a heavy tool or a striking hand, and the bottom 心 is the heart. Imagine your heart being struck by something terrifying, filling you with fear and awe.

Reading mnemonic

For キョウ, picture a fearful person screaming 'KYO!' as they are overwhelmed by dread: KYO -> キョウ, and the heart 心 pounds in terror.