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Kotomora

横

sideways, side, horizontal, width, woof, unreasonable, perverse

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 3FrequencyTop 500Strokes15

Readings

On'yomi

  • オウ

Kun'yomi

  • よこ

Meaning

横 centers on the horizontal dimension: sideways, width, or the crosswise direction. The weaving term 'woof' fits this lateral thread idea. The 'unreasonable' or 'perverse' sense extends from going against the expected straight or upright path.

Most common words using 横

24 of 257
  • 横よこ
    N4

    horizontal (as opposed to vertical)

  • 横浜よこはま
    N5

    Yokohama (city)

  • 横断おうだん
    N3

    crossing (a road, river, etc.); cutting through (e.g. of a river through a town); cutting across; intersecting (e.g. a railway track)

  • 横綱よこづな
    N1

    yokozuna (highest rank in sumo); grand champion

  • 横領おうりょう

    embezzlement; misappropriation; usurpation

  • 横たわるよこたわる
    N1

    to lie down; to stretch out

  • 横切るよこぎる
    N3

    to cross (e.g. road); to traverse

  • 横行おうこう

    being rampant; being widespread; being prevalent

  • 横取りよこどり
    N1

    snatching; stealing; seizure; usurpation

  • 横暴おうぼう

    violence; oppression; high-handedness; tyranny; despotism

  • 横顔よこがお
    N1

    profile; face in profile; face seen from the side

  • 横目よこめ

    sidelong glance

  • 縦横じゅうおう

    length and width; length and breadth; lengthwise and crosswise; vertical and horizontal; the four cardinal points

  • 縦横たてよこ

    length and breadth; length and width

  • 横転おうてん

    toppling sideways; turning sideways; falling over sideways

  • 横ばいよこばい

    sidewise crawl (e.g. of a crab); crawling sideways

  • 横柄おうへい
    N1

    arrogant; haughty; insolent

  • 横手よこて

    side; beside

  • 横断幕おうだんまく

    horizontal banner

  • 横書きよこがき
    N3

    writing horizontally; horizontal writing

  • 横道よこみち
    N1

    byway; side street; cross street

  • 横文字よこもじ
    N1

    horizontal script (esp. of a European language); European writing; Roman letters

  • 横線おうせん

    horizontal line

  • 横着おうちゃく
    N1

    laziness; shirking

Explore all words using 横 →

Study

Etymology

横 combines 木 (tree/wood) with 黄, which likely contributes the sound and the idea of something crosswise or horizontal, perhaps originally referring to a crossbeam or horizontal wooden piece.

Meaning mnemonic

A wooden beam (木) laid across a yellow field (黄) creates a horizontal line. That sideways placement gives 横 its core meaning of horizontal or sideways, and when something goes against the upright norm, it becomes unreasonable or perverse.

Reading mnemonic

For オウ, imagine a horizontal wooden beam that makes a deep, resonant 'oh' sound when struck: 'oh' -> オウ, echoing across the sideways plank.