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Kotomora

短

short, brevity, fault, defect, weak point

JLPTN4StatusJōyō · grade 3FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes12

Readings

On'yomi

  • タン

Kun'yomi

  • みじか.い

Meaning

短 centers on the idea of being short in length, duration, or quality: something brief, insufficient, or falling short of a standard, which naturally extends to faults and weak points.

Most common words using 短

22 of 320
  • 短いみじかい
    N5

    short

  • 短期たんき
    N3

    short-term

  • 短縮たんしゅく
    N1

    shortening; contraction; reduction; curtailment; abbreviation

  • 短期間たんきかん

    short term; short time

  • 短編たんぺん
    N2

    short story; short film; short poem

  • 短時間たんじかん

    short time

  • 最短さいたん

    shortest

  • 短歌たんか
    N1

    tanka; 31-mora Japanese poem

  • 短所たんしょ
    N3

    defect; demerit; weak point; disadvantage

  • 短大たんだい
    N1

    junior college; vocationally oriented post-secondary institution offering two or three-year programs

  • 短気たんき
    N2

    short temper; quick temper; hot temper; impatience; irritability

  • 短絡たんらく

    short circuit; short

  • 短距離たんきょり

    short distance; short range; short-haul

  • 短調たんちょう

    minor key

  • 短めみじかめ

    shortish; rather short; somewhat short

  • 短期大学たんきだいがく
    N1

    junior college; vocationally oriented post-secondary institution offering two or three-year programs

  • 短波たんぱ
    N1

    short wave

  • 短刀たんとう

    short sword; knife; dagger; dirk; tantō

  • 短冊たんざく

    tanzaku; poem slip; poetry slip; long, narrow strip of paper on which Japanese poems are written (vertically)

  • 短命たんめい

    short life; short lived

  • 長短ちょうたん
    N2

    (relative) length

  • 短銃たんじゅう

    pistol

Explore all words using 短 →

Study

Etymology

短 combines 矢 (arrow) with 豆 (a type of vessel), likely using the arrow as a measuring tool to express shortness or brevity. The exact historical motivation is uncertain, but the component combination is well established.

Meaning mnemonic

An arrow 矢 beside a bean-shaped vessel 豆: imagine measuring the vessel with an arrow and finding it too short, revealing a defect.

Reading mnemonic

For タン, picture a short tan-colored arrow measuring a tiny vessel: tan -> タン, and the arrow comes up short.