裁
tailor, judge, decision, cut out (pattern)
Readings
On'yomi
- サイ
Kun'yomi
- た.つ
- さば.く
Meaning
裁 centers on cutting with authority: physically cutting cloth to tailor a garment, and metaphorically cutting through a dispute to judge or decide. The pattern sense is the result of that cutting.
Most common words using 裁
22 of 212- 裁判さいばんN3
trial; judgement; judgment
- 裁判所さいばんしょN2
court; courthouse
- 裁判官さいばんかんN2
judge
- 総裁そうさいN1
president (of an organization); director general; governor (of a central bank); party leader (esp. LDP)
- 独裁どくさいN1
dictatorship; despotism; autocracy
- 制裁せいさいN1
sanctions; punishment
- 地裁ちさい
district court
- 最高裁さいこうさい
Supreme Court
- 裁くさばくN1
to judge; to try; to sit in judgement (on); to decide (on)
- 裁量さいりょう
discretion; judgement; judgment
- 体裁ていさいN1
(outward) appearance
- 高裁こうさい
High Court
- 裁縫さいほうN2
sewing; needlework
- 仲裁ちゅうさいN1
arbitration; intercession; mediation
- 裁定さいてい
decision; ruling; award; arbitration
- 決裁けっさい
sanction; approval; decision
- 裁決さいけつN1
decision; ruling; judgement; judgment
- 家裁かさい
family court
- 洋裁ようさいN1
(Western) dressmaking
- 簡裁かんさい
summary court; court of summary offences
- 裁つたつN1
to cut (cloth)
- 司法裁判しほうさいばん
judicial trial
Study
Etymology
裁 combines 衣 (clothing) with a phonetic component that also suggests cutting or dividing. The character originally referred to cutting cloth to make clothes, and later extended to judging or deciding.
Meaning mnemonic
Inside the outer structure, see 衣 (clothing). Imagine a tailor using scissors to cut a pattern out of fabric: the cutting action is both physical (tailoring) and decisive (judging).
Reading mnemonic
For サイ, picture a tailor cutting a suit with a sharp sigh of concentration: sigh -> サイ, as the scissors slice through the cloth.