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Kotomora

代

substitute, change, convert, replace, period, age, counter for decades of ages, eras, etc., generation, charge, rate, fee

JLPTN4StatusJōyō · grade 3FrequencyTop 100Strokes5

Readings

On'yomi

  • ダイ
  • タイ

Kun'yomi

  • か.わる
  • かわ.る
  • かわ.り
  • か.わり
  • -がわ.り
  • -が.わり
  • か.える
  • よ
  • しろ

Nanori

  • す

Meaning

代 centers on one thing standing in for another: substituting, replacing, or taking a turn. This extends naturally to a span of time (an era or generation) and to a fee or charge as something given in exchange.

Most common words using 代

24 of 906
  • 時代じだい
    N4

    period; epoch; era; age

  • 代表だいひょう
    N3

    representation; representative; delegate; delegation

  • 代わりかわり
    N4

    substitute; replacement; substituting; replacing

  • 現代げんだい
    N3

    present age; present day; today

  • 世代せだい
    N2

    generation

  • 年代ねんだい
    N3

    age; era; period; date

  • 代理だいり
    N2

    representation; agency; proxy

  • 古代こだい
    N1

    ancient times; distant past; antiquity

  • 交代こうたい
    N2

    change; alternation; rotation; replacement; substitution; shift; relief; taking turns

  • 初代しょだい

    first generation; founder

  • 代行だいこう
    N1

    acting as agent; acting on (someone's) behalf; executing business for

  • 近代きんだい
    N3

    present day; modern times; recent times

  • 代替だいたい

    substitution

  • 歴代れきだい

    successive generations; successive emperors

  • 代謝たいしゃ

    metabolism

  • 代金だいきん
    N3

    price; cost; charge; payment; bill; fee

  • 代理人だいりにん

    proxy; agent; substitute; deputy; alternate; representative; attorney

  • 代償だいしょう
    N1

    compensation; reparation; indemnification

  • 代用だいよう
    N1

    substitution

  • 千代ちよ

    thousand years; thousand generations; thousand ages; eternity

  • 代打だいだ

    pinch-hitting; pinch hitter

  • 代々だいだい
    N1

    for generations; from generation to generation; generation after generation; through the ages

  • 代名詞だいめいし
    N2

    pronoun

  • 先代せんだい
    N1

    previous generation (of a family); previous head of the family; one's (late) father

Explore all words using 代 →

Study

Etymology

代 combines 亻 (person) with 弋, which likely contributed the sound. The idea of a person standing in for another gives the core meaning of substitution.

Meaning mnemonic

A person 亻 holding a stake 弋 marks a spot where someone else will take over. Picture a relay runner passing a stake to the next runner: one person replaces another.

Reading mnemonic

For ダイ, imagine a substitute runner named Dai who takes the stake and runs the next leg: Dai -> ダイ.