Skip to content
Kotomora

未

un-, not yet, hitherto, still, even now, sign of the ram, 1-3PM, eighth sign of Chinese zodiac

JLPTN3StatusJōyō · grade 4FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes5

Readings

On'yomi

  • ミ
  • ビ

Kun'yomi

  • いま.だ
  • ま.だ
  • ひつじ

Meaning

未 centers on something that has not yet happened or is still incomplete: not yet, still, or un-. The zodiac and time-of-day senses are specific cultural applications of the same 'not yet fully developed' idea.

Most common words using 未

24 of 252
  • 未だまだ
    N5

    still; as yet; only

  • 未み
    N2

    not yet; un-

  • 未ひつじ
    N1

    the Sheep (eighth sign of the Chinese zodiac); the Ram; the Goat

  • 未来みらい
    N3

    (distant) future

  • 未満みまん
    N2

    less than; under; below

  • 未成年みせいねん
    N3

    minority (i.e. being under age); minor; underage person

  • 未知みち
    N1

    not yet known; unknown; strange

  • 未遂みすい
    N1

    failed attempt (at a crime, suicide, etc.)

  • 未定みてい
    N1

    not yet fixed; undecided; pending; TBD

  • 未亡人みぼうじん

    widow

  • 未婚みこん
    N1

    unmarried; not yet married

  • 未だしもまだしも

    rather; better

  • 前代未聞ぜんだいみもん

    unheard-of; unprecedented; unparalleled in history (unparallelled); record-breaking

  • 未明みめい
    N1

    early dawn; grey of morning; gray of morning

  • 未練みれん
    N1

    lingering attachment; lingering affection; regret; reluctance; ruefulness

  • 未然みぜん
    N1

    before it happens; previously

  • 未払いみはらい

    unpaid; overdue

  • 未開みかい
    N1

    uncivilized; uncivilised; primitive; savage

  • 未知数みちすう

    (an) unknown; unknown number; variable

  • 未納みのう
    N1

    payment default; overdue on a payment

  • 未決みけつ

    pending; undecided

  • 未解決みかいけつ
    N3

    unsolved; unresolved; unsettled; pending; outstanding

  • 未発表みはっぴょう
    N2

    unpublished; unreleased; not yet made public

  • 未熟みじゅく
    N1

    unripe; green; immature

Explore all words using 未 →

Study

Etymology

未 is a pictograph of a tree with new branches, representing something still growing and not yet fully formed. This image naturally extends to the idea of 'not yet' or 'still'.

Meaning mnemonic

The top short horizontal line is like a new sprout on a tree 木, still small and not yet fully grown. 未 means 'not yet' or 'still'.

Reading mnemonic

For ミ, imagine a tree that is still just a 'meager' sprout: meager -> ミ, and it has not yet become a full tree.