未
un-, not yet, hitherto, still, even now, sign of the ram, 1-3PM, eighth sign of Chinese zodiac
Readings
On'yomi
- ミ
- ビ
Kun'yomi
- いま.だ
- ま.だ
- ひつじ
Meaning
未 centers on something that has not yet happened or is still incomplete: not yet, still, or un-. The zodiac and time-of-day senses are specific cultural applications of the same 'not yet fully developed' idea.
Most common words using 未
24 of 252- 未だまだN5
still; as yet; only
- 未みN2
not yet; un-
- 未ひつじN1
the Sheep (eighth sign of the Chinese zodiac); the Ram; the Goat
- 未来みらいN3
(distant) future
- 未満みまんN2
less than; under; below
- 未成年みせいねんN3
minority (i.e. being under age); minor; underage person
- 未知みちN1
not yet known; unknown; strange
- 未遂みすいN1
failed attempt (at a crime, suicide, etc.)
- 未定みていN1
not yet fixed; undecided; pending; TBD
- 未亡人みぼうじん
widow
- 未婚みこんN1
unmarried; not yet married
- 未だしもまだしも
rather; better
- 前代未聞ぜんだいみもん
unheard-of; unprecedented; unparalleled in history (unparallelled); record-breaking
- 未明みめいN1
early dawn; grey of morning; gray of morning
- 未練みれんN1
lingering attachment; lingering affection; regret; reluctance; ruefulness
- 未然みぜんN1
before it happens; previously
- 未払いみはらい
unpaid; overdue
- 未開みかいN1
uncivilized; uncivilised; primitive; savage
- 未知数みちすう
(an) unknown; unknown number; variable
- 未納みのうN1
payment default; overdue on a payment
- 未決みけつ
pending; undecided
- 未解決みかいけつN3
unsolved; unresolved; unsettled; pending; outstanding
- 未発表みはっぴょうN2
unpublished; unreleased; not yet made public
- 未熟みじゅくN1
unripe; green; immature
Study
Etymology
未 is a pictograph of a tree with new branches, representing something still growing and not yet fully formed. This image naturally extends to the idea of 'not yet' or 'still'.
Meaning mnemonic
The top short horizontal line is like a new sprout on a tree 木, still small and not yet fully grown. 未 means 'not yet' or 'still'.
Reading mnemonic
For ミ, imagine a tree that is still just a 'meager' sprout: meager -> ミ, and it has not yet become a full tree.