非
un-, mistake, negative, injustice, non-
Readings
On'yomi
- ヒ
Kun'yomi
- あら.ず
Meaning
非 centers on negation and wrongness: the idea of something being not right, a mistake, or an injustice. The prefix senses like "un-" and "non-" are direct applications of this negative core.
Most common words using 非
20 of 465- 非常ひじょうN3
emergency
- 非ひN2
fault; error; mistake
- 是非ぜひN5
certainly; without fail
- 非難ひなんN2
criticism; blame; censure; attack; reproach
- 非公開ひこうかいN3
private; non-public; secret; closed-door; closed
- 非公式ひこうしきN3
informal; unofficial
- 非常識ひじょうしきN3
lack of common sense; thoughtlessness; senselessness; irrationality; absurdity
- 是非ともぜひともN3
by all means; at all costs; absolutely
- 非常勤ひじょうきんN1
part-time work
- 非道ひどう
unjust; inhuman
- 非情ひじょう
cold-hearted; callous; unfeeling; cruel
- 非常時ひじょうじN3
time of emergency; (in an) emergency
- 非合法ひごうほう
illegal; unlawful
- 似非えせ
false; pseudo-; quasi-; would-be; sham; pretended; mock
- 非売品ひばいひん
article not for sale
- 非対称ひたいしょう
asymmetry; dissymmetry; unsymmetry
- 非核ひかく
non-nuclear; anti-nuclear
- 非行ひこうN1
delinquency; misconduct
- 非課税ひかぜいN2
tax-exempt; tax-free; tax-exempted
- 非力ひりき
powerless; helpless; incompetent
Study
Etymology
非 is a pictograph of two opposing wings or a divided shape, representing opposition or negation. The modern form retains the symmetrical, split appearance that suggests something contrary or wrong.
Meaning mnemonic
The two sides of 非 look like mirror images that are slightly off, like a mistake or something that is not right. Picture two wings flapping in opposite directions, symbolizing negation and injustice.
Reading mnemonic
For ヒ, imagine a person saying "he" is wrong: "he" -> ヒ, and the mistake is clear in the opposing wings of 非.