先行
先行する · noun or participle which takes 'suru'
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 先行する | 先行しない |
| Polite | 先行します | 先行しません |
| Past polite | 先行しました | 先行しませんでした |
| Past | 先行した | 先行しなかった |
| Te-form | 先行して | 先行しないで |
| Desire | 先行したい | 先行したくない |
| Potential | 先行できる | 先行できない |
| Passive | 先行される | 先行されない |
| Causative | 先行させる | 先行させない |
| Causative passive | 先行させられる | 先行させられない |
| Volitional | 先行しよう | |
| Polite volitional | 先行しましょう | |
| Imperative | 先行しろ | 先行するな |
| Conditional | 先行すれば | 先行しなければ |
| Tara conditional | 先行したら | 先行しなかったら |
Meanings
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', intransitive verb, noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no'
go ahead; go first; precede in movement
Used when a person, vehicle, team, or group moves or acts ahead of others. Common as 先行する or 先行して.
Part of the rescue team went ahead into the mountains.
The staff went ahead and moved forward with preparations at the venue.
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', intransitive verb, noun which may take the genitive case particle 'no'
preceding; prior; ahead of its time
Describes something that comes earlier, has already occurred, or is ahead in development or timing. Very common in compounds such as 先行研究 and phrases like 時代に先行する.
Before writing a paper, you need to read the prior research carefully.
That technology was ahead of its time.
noun, noun or participle which takes 'suru', intransitive verb
score first; take an early lead
Sports usage for a team or player getting on the scoreboard first or taking the lead before the opponent.
In the final, the opposing team took the lead in the first half.
stalker; pace-stalking running style
Horse-racing term for a horse or running style that stays near the front rather than leading outright; contrasted with 逃げ, 差し, and 追い込み.
This horse's running style is to stalk the pace.
Usage patterns
- 〈事〉が先行するfor something (e.g. a feeling) to take precedence or come first
Anxiety took over before calm judgment could kick in.
- 〈物・事〉に先行するto precede something in time or development
This technology was ahead of its time.
- 〈人〉が先行するfor a person or group to go ahead of others
The leading runner has pulled far ahead of the others.
- 〈数〉点先行するto take an early lead by a certain number of points
They took a 2-point lead in the first half.
- 先行して〈動詞〉to do something in advance of the usual timing
The new product went on sale early at select stores.