noun
criminal justice system
Refers to the entire institutional framework for handling crime, including police, courts, and corrections.
日本の刑事司法制度は、諸外国と比べて特徴的だ。
Japan's criminal justice system is distinctive compared to other countries.
刑事司法制度の改革が議論されている。
Reform of the criminal justice system is being discussed.
司法制度 is the broader 'judicial system', while 刑事司法制度 specifically refers to the criminal justice aspect.
Compound of 刑事 (criminal) + 司法 (judicial administration) + 制度 (system).