干す
干す · godan verb (-su)
| Form | Positive | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| Dictionary | 干す | 干さない |
| Polite | 干します | 干しません |
| Past polite | 干しました | 干しませんでした |
| Past | 干した | 干さなかった |
| Te-form | 干して | 干さないで |
| Desire | 干したい | 干したくない |
| Potential | 干せる | 干せない |
| Passive | 干される | 干されない |
| Causative | 干させる | 干させない |
| Causative passive | 干させられる | 干させられない |
| Volitional | 干そう | |
| Polite volitional | 干しましょう | |
| Imperative | 干せ | 干すな |
| Conditional | 干せば | 干さなければ |
| Tara conditional | 干したら | 干さなかったら |
Meanings
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
dry; air out; hang out to dry
Transitive verb for putting wet or damp things where air or sunlight can dry them; common with 洗濯物, 布団, 魚, and similar nouns.
I hang the laundry out to dry on the balcony.
I aired out the futon on a sunny day.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
drain off; dry out by removing water
Used when water is drained or removed from a place or container, leaving it dry or emptied; more limited than the everyday laundry sense.
They drained the water from the rice field before starting work.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
drink up; empty a cup
Usually describes draining a cup or glass completely. In modern Japanese, the compound 飲み干す is often the more explicit everyday expression.
He drained the cup in one gulp.
godan verb (-su), transitive verb
deprive of work; sideline; blacklist from roles
Most often used in the passive, as in 仕事を干される or 役を干される, meaning that someone is no longer being given work, roles, or opportunities.
After his remarks became a problem, he was kept out of work for a while.
Usage patterns
- 洗濯物を干すto hang laundry out to dry
Since the weather was nice, I hung the laundry outside to dry.
- 〈場所〉の水を干すto drain the water from a place (pond, field, etc.)
We drained the pond and cleaned it out.
- 〈人〉を仕事から干すto deny someone work or roles as a form of punishment
After the scandal, he was frozen out of work by the TV station.
- 魚を干すto dry fish (in the sun or wind)
The fisherman dried the fish he caught in the sun.