noun
selection; weeding out; sifting out
Refers to the process of eliminating inferior or unnecessary elements, often used in biological, social, or organizational contexts.
自然淘汰作用によって、環境に適応できない種は絶滅する。
Through natural selection, species that cannot adapt to the environment become extinct.
企業の淘汰作用が進み、競争力のない会社は市場から消えた。
The weeding-out process among companies advanced, and uncompetitive firms disappeared from the market.
Compound of 淘汰 (selection, weeding out) and 作用 (action, effect). The term is used in both biological and metaphorical contexts to describe the process of eliminating the unfit.