noun
official record; written evidence; protocol
Refers to a formal written record, especially in legal, investigative, or administrative contexts. Covers interrogation records, charge sheets, preliminary memos, and similar documents.
警察は容疑者の調書を作成した。
The police prepared a written record of the suspect's statement.
裁判で調書が重要な証拠として提出さ
The official record was submitted as important evidence in the trial.
Compound of 調 (investigation, examination) and 書 (document, writing). The term has been used in legal and administrative Japanese for formal written records.