論
Meanings
Refers to a reasoned exchange of opinions, often in formal or academic contexts. Can be used as a standalone noun or as a suffix in compounds like 議論 (discussion) or 討論 (debate).
His argument is persuasive.
There was a lively debate on this issue.
Used for systematic explanations or principles, such as scientific theories or philosophical doctrines. Often appears in compounds like 進化論 (theory of evolution) or 唯物論 (materialism).
Darwin's theory of evolution is widely accepted.
He advocated a new economic theory.
Refers to a written work that presents an argument or analysis on a specific topic. Can be used as a suffix in titles like 〇〇論 (An Essay on 〇〇).
He has published many essays on education.
This book is a collection of treatises on the theory of happiness.
Usage patterns
- 〈事〉について論が分かれるopinions/theories are divided over something
Experts are divided in their views on this issue.
- 〈事〉が論を呼ぶsomething sparks debate or controversy
His remark sparked a huge debate online.
- 〜という論もあるthere is also an argument/theory that...
There is also an argument that this policy has no effect.