descendant; offspring; progeny
Refers to one's descendants, children, grandchildren, and later generations. Often used in formal, historical, or biological contexts.
He is said to be a descendant of a famous warlord.
この植物は子孫を残すために種を飛ばす。
This plant scatters seeds to leave offspring.
This animal is endangered, and it is hard for it to leave descendants.
I intend to pass this land down to my descendants.
That family line died out with no descendants left.
子孫 means 'descendants', the opposite of 元祖, which is the founding ancestor a family line traces back to.