backward reasoning; backward chaining
In AI and logic, a reasoning method that starts from a goal and works backward to find supporting facts or rules. Often contrasted with forward reasoning.
In expert systems, backward reasoning is used to derive necessary conditions from a conclusion.
Forward reasoning: starts from known facts and applies rules to reach a conclusion, the opposite direction of 後方推論.
Compound of 後方 (backward) and 推論 (reasoning, inference). A calque from English 'backward reasoning' or 'backward chaining'.