汲む (くむ, kumu) Japanese meaning: draw water | Kotomora

汲くむ

く

む

Common wordJLPTN2Freq.FrequencyTop 20,000

汲む · godan verb (-mu)

Form	Positive	Negative
Dictionary	汲くむ	汲くまない
Polite	汲くみます	汲くみません
Past polite	汲くみました	汲くみませんでした
Past	汲くんだ	汲くまなかった
Te-form	汲くんで	汲くまないで
Desire	汲くみたい	汲くみたくない
Potential	汲くめる	汲くめない
Passive	汲くまれる	汲くまれない
Causative	汲くませる	汲くませない
Causative passive	汲くませられるalso 汲くまされる	汲くませられないalso 汲くまされない
Volitional	汲くもう
Polite volitional	汲くみましょう
Imperative	汲くめ	汲くむな
Conditional	汲くめば	汲くまなければ
Tara conditional	汲くんだら	汲くまなかったら

Meanings

godan verb (-mu), transitive verb

draw water; scoop up; pump

Physical action of taking up water or liquid from a source, such as a well, river, or container.

井い戸どから水みずを汲

Kanji

汲draw (water), ladle, scoop

Related words

すくうN1sense 1
掬う means to scoop something up (often with hands or a ladle) and overlaps with 汲む for lifting liquid, but 汲む is the standard verb for drawing water from a well or source.
察さっするN2sense 3
察する means to infer or guess someone's feelings from context, while 汲む in this sense stresses actively taking those feelings into consideration.
受うけ継つぐN2sense 4
受け継ぐ means to inherit or take over something concrete like a role or property, while 汲む in this figurative sense refers more to drawing on ideas, traditions, or qualities.
思おもいやる sense 3
思いやる emphasizes showing compassionate consideration for someone, whereas 汲む focuses on understanding and factoring in their unspoken feelings.
汲くみ取とるN1
汲む is the plain base verb for scooping or drawing liquid, while 汲み取る adds the sense of fully extracting or, figuratively, thoroughly grasping someone's feelings.

Don't confuse with

酌くむN2sense 2
酌む is used specifically for pouring or serving drinks like sake, while 汲む covers a wider range including drawing water and figurative senses.
組くむN3
組む is a homophone meaning to assemble, cross arms/legs, or team up, and has no connection to drawing liquid or sympathizing like 汲む.

Word family· 17

汲くみ取とり
dipping up night soil; scooping out · understanding; grasping; surmising
汲くみ取とるN1
draw water; scoop up; pump out · understand feelings; grasp; take into consideration
汲くみ上あげる
draw water; scoop up; pump up · draw on ideas; take into account; adopt

Written forms

汲くむUsage63%
Standard kanji spelling for drawing water and abstract figurative uses.
くむUsage37%
Kana spelling is common in everyday writing, especially for figurative senses.

Etymology

The kanji 汲 combines 氵(water) and 及(reach), suggesting the action of reaching into water to draw it up. The verb くむ is native Japanese and its historical derivation is uncertain.

汲くむ

Meanings

Usage patterns

Expressions