Usage patterns
〈物〉に色素を加えるto add pigment/coloring to something
Natural pigment is added to this drink.
色素が沈着するpigment builds up/deposits (e.g., in skin)
Continued exposure to UV rays causes pigment to build up in the skin.
色素が抜けるpigment fades or is lost
The pigment faded after being washed many times.
〈物〉から色素を抽出するto extract pigment from something
They extract pigment from flower petals to make dye.