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Kotomora

素

elementary, principle, naked, uncovered

JLPTN1StatusJōyō · grade 5FrequencyTop 1,000Strokes10

Readings

On'yomi

  • ソ
  • ス

Kun'yomi

  • もと

Meaning

素 centers on the idea of something in its raw, unadorned state: elementary, naked, or uncovered. From this core, it extends to fundamental principles or the basic material from which things are made.

Most common words using 素

24 of 696
  • 素晴らしいすばらしい
    N4

    wonderful; splendid; magnificent

  • 素敵すてき
    N4

    lovely; wonderful; charming; enchanting; nice; great; splendid; marvellous (marvelous); fantastic; superb

  • 要素ようそ
    N3

    component; factor; item (e.g. in list)

  • 素材そざい
    N2

    ingredient; (raw) material; resource

  • 素人しろうと
    N2

    amateur; layman; ordinary person; novice

  • 素直すなお
    N3

    obedient; meek; docile; unaffected

  • 素す
    N1

    one's nature; one's feelings; oneself

  • 酸素さんそ
    N3

    oxygen (O)

  • 水素すいそ
    N2

    hydrogen (H)

  • 酵素こうそ

    enzyme

  • 素早いすばやい
    N2

    quick; swift; nimble; agile

  • 炭素たんそ
    N1

    carbon (C)

  • 素顔すがお
    N1

    face with no make-up; unpainted face

  • 二酸化炭素にさんかたんそ
    N2

    carbon dioxide; CO2

  • 素朴そぼく
    N2

    simple; artless; naive; unsophisticated

  • 素子そし

    element (esp. component in electronics); elemental device; device

  • 元素げんそ
    N1

    element; chemical element

  • 窒素ちっそ

    nitrogen (N)

  • 塩素えんそ

    chlorine (Cl)

  • 色素しきそ

    pigment; coloring; colouring; colorant; colourant

  • 素質そしつ
    N2

    makings (of); aptitude; talent; qualities

  • 栄養素えいようそ

    nutrient

  • 簡素かんそ
    N1

    simple; plain; modest

  • 味の素あじのもと

    Ajinomoto; brand name of monosodium glutamate (MSG)

Explore all words using 素 →

Study

Etymology

素 originally depicted a hand holding a tool for working with raw silk, combining elements that suggest undyed, natural silk. Over time, it came to mean 'raw material' or 'elementary state'.

Meaning mnemonic

The top 龶 looks like a plant or raw material, and the bottom 糸 is thread. Imagine undyed silk thread straight from the cocoon—pure, naked, and elementary.

Reading mnemonic

For ソ, picture a raw silk thread being sewn into a simple cloth: sew -> ソ, and the thread is still in its elementary, uncovered state.