Translation guide
The English verb "create" covers a wide range of actions from making physical objects to establishing organizations, producing art, or causing situations. Japanese uses different verbs depending on what is being created and how.
To bring something into existence, often a physical object or a tangible result.
The most common and versatile verb for 'make' or 'create'. Used for food, objects, works, rules, etc.
He made dinner.
Formal term for creating documents, plans, lists, etc. Common in business and technical contexts.
I created a report.
Literally 'give birth to', used for creating something original or innovative, like art, ideas, or new value.
To set up an institution, company, or structured system.
Standard verb for founding companies, organizations, or institutions.
To produce artistic or intellectual works.
Specifically for creating original artistic or literary works.
To bring about a state, condition, or emotion.
To make something in a digital or virtual environment.
Standard for creating digital items like documents, accounts, folders, etc.
While 作る is the most common translation, it can sound unnatural for founding organizations or creating abstract situations. Use more specific verbs like 設立する or 生み出す when appropriate.
作る is general and used in daily life. 作成する is formal and preferred for documents, data, and official items. In business settings, 作成する is safer for written communication.
We need to create new rules.
彼は多くの名作を生み出した。
He created many masterpieces.
He founded a new company.
Similar to 設立 but often used for schools, hospitals, or cultural institutions, emphasizing the initial creation.
This university was founded in 1950.
Can also be used for creating organizations or systems in a more general sense.
Let's create a new team.
She is creating a novel.
Commonly used for making songs, poems, paintings, etc., in everyday language.
He creates his own songs.
Specifically for creating a picture or painting; also metaphorically for depicting or portraying.
She created a beautiful landscape painting.
Used for creating situations, feelings, or atmospheres, often with a nuance of bringing something new into existence.
Those words created a misunderstanding.
Similar to 生み出す, but can imply a more deliberate act of creating a situation or atmosphere.
They created a fun atmosphere.
Means 'bring about' or 'result in', often used for consequences or changes.
The new technology created a big change.
Please create a new folder.
Informal alternative for digital creation, common in casual contexts.
I created a website.
The artist created a masterpiece.
Emphasizes originality