Translation guide
The English word 'vigour' refers to physical strength, energy, and enthusiasm. In Japanese, there is no single perfect equivalent; the best choice depends on whether you mean physical vitality, energetic activity, mental drive, or lively enthusiasm.
Describing a person's physical strength, health, and lively energy.
The most common and versatile word for physical and mental well-being, energy, and liveliness. Used in greetings and everyday conversation.
He is always full of vigour.
Refers to vitality, life force, or the energy to be active. Slightly more formal than 元気.
Physical or mental energy, often with a nuance of stamina or drive. Can also imply sexual vigour in certain contexts.
Describing actions done with force, speed, or enthusiasm.
Describing intellectual energy, forceful expression, or creative power.
Describing a bright, spirited attitude or atmosphere.
Liveliness, energy, or bustle, often used for places, events, or groups.
元気 is the most common and covers physical/mental well-being and cheerfulness. 活力 is more about vital energy and drive, often used in formal or health contexts. 活気 refers to the lively atmosphere of a place or group.
English 'vigour' is broad; using a single Japanese word in all contexts will sound unnatural. Choose based on whether you mean physical energy, forceful action, mental intensity, or lively atmosphere.
彼は活力にあふれている。
He is brimming with vigour.
彼は仕事に精力を注いでいる。
He puts his vigour into his work.
Momentum, force, or energetic movement. Often used for physical actions or trends.
He opened the door with vigour.
Adverb meaning 'vigorously' or 'energetically', often used for sustained effort.
She is active with vigour.
Adverbial form of 元気, meaning 'cheerfully' or 'with lively energy'.
The children are playing with vigour.
Powerful impact, intensity, or forcefulness, often used for performances, art, or speech.
His speech had vigour.
Mental energy, willpower, or spirit. Often used when talking about motivation or drive.
He lost his vigour.
Life, vitality, or animation. Often used in the negative to mean 'lifeless'.
His face lacked vigour.
The market is full of vigour.
Also used for cheerfulness and high spirits, not just physical health.
I like her vigorous smile.
Describes a lively, spirited, and youthful energy. Often used in formal or written contexts.
His vigorous play was impressive.